Written English - Definition and Examples

Written English is the way in which the English language is transmitted through a conventional system of graphic signs (or letters). Compare to spoken English. The earliest forms of written English were primarily the translations of Latin works into English in the ninth century. Not until the late fourteenth century (that is, the late Middle English period) did a standard form of written English begin to emerge. According to Marilyn Corrie in The Oxford History of English (2006), written English has been characterized by relative stability during the Modern English period. Early Written English [T]he vast majority of books and manuscripts produced in England before the invention of printing were written in Latin or (in later times) French. Administrative documents were not written in English in any number until the fourteenth century. The story of early written English is one of a local vernacular language struggling to achieve a distinct visual identity and written usage.(David Graddol et al., English: History, Diversity, and Change. Routledge, 1996)[A] new standard form of written English, this time based on the usage of London, began to emerge from the fifteenth century onwards. This was generally adopted by the early printers, who in turn provided a norm for private usage from the sixteenth century onwards.(Jeremy J. Smith, Essentials of Early English. Routledge, 1999) Recording Functions of Written English The history of writing in the English-speaking world reveals a balancing act between competing recording functions of the written word. While written English has always had a role in creating durable records that were never intended to be read aloud, the oral side of writing has been far more important than we tend to realize. Through most of the languages history, an essential function of writing has been to aid in subsequent representation of spoken words. Overwhelmingly, those spoken words have been formal in character--drama, poetry, sermons, public speeches. ( . . . [B]eginning in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, writing developed a new set of quintessentially written functions with the emergence of newspapers and novels.)In the latter part of the twentieth century, a new twist was added, as writing increasingly came to represent informal speech. This time, there was no intention of later rendering such texts aloud. Gradually, we learned to write as we spoke (rather tha n preparing to speak as we wrote). As a result weve generally blurred older assumptions that speech and writing are two distinct forms of communication. Nowhere has this muddying of boundaries been more apparent than in the case of email.(Naomi S. Baron, Alphabet to Email: How Written English Evolved and Where Its Heading. Routledge, 2000) Writing and Speech When writing developed, it was derived from and represented speech, albeit imperfectly . . ..To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter. If speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized. Writing has some advantages over speech. For example, it is more permanent, thus making possible the records that any civilization must have. Writing is also capable of easily making some distinctions that speech can make only with difficulty. We can, for example, indicate certain types of pauses more clearly by the spaces that we leave between words when we write than we ordinarily are able to do when we speak. Grade A may well be heard as gray day, but there is no mistaking the one phrase for the other in writing.(John Algeo and Thomas Pyles, The Origins and Development of the English Language, 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005) Standard Written English Standard or standardized written English (SWE). Its alive and well in our culture, but what does it mean? Many varieties of English get into print in various contexts, but standard doesnt refer to all of them--not even to everything published in mainstream books and magazines. It refers only to one slice of mainstream writing--but an incredibly important and powerful slice: the slice that people happen to call correct edited written English. When people champion Standard Written English, they sometimes call it proper or correct or literate writing. . . . [I]ts a language that is found only on paper--and only in the texts of certain established writers, and its rules are in grammar books. So again: standardized written English (or prescriptive written English) is no ones mother tongue.(Peter Elbow, Vernacular Eloquence: What Speech Can Bring to Writing. Oxford Univ. Press, 2012)Unlike most other kinds of English, standard written English is strongly codified. That is, there is almost total agreement as to which forms and usages form part of it and which do not. . . .Mastery of standard written English is a requirement for many professions, and it is highly desirable in many others. But nobody comes naturally equipped with this mastery. Standard written English has to be acquired, usually by formal education. Sadly, however, in recent years schools in most English-speaking countries have pulled back from teaching this material. As a result, even university graduates with good degrees often find themselves with a command of standard English that is at best inadequate and at worst distressing. This is not a trivial problem, since a poor command of the conventions of standard English will often make a very bad impression on those who must read your writing.(Robert Lawrence Trask, Say What You Mean!: A Troubleshooters Guide to English Style and Usage. David R. Godine, 2005)

Memory Psychology - 1027 Words

Memory One of the human functions that is intriguing to me and makes people unique from each other is human memory. I am finding that through experiences and what we remember from those experiences, our brain develops and humans form their interpretation of the world and the things around them based on their memory. Our favorite films and the ones we dislike the most are part of the many things that we draw our conclusions from based on memory. Knowing this can help me create more dynamic characters in my scripts because I can better form characters based on their memory. Whether it be the style the cinematographer might have in his or her shot choice or simply the action that is present on the screen, memory of these aspects allows me†¦show more content†¦The way that I view a solution like this is taking the easy way out. It seems for no matter what condition you are going through in this country, there is nobody to sit and help you through a situation besides a bottle of pills. I don’t know what should happen exactly as a solution, but if we know that weaker emotion equals weaker memories than why can’t a psychiatrist work with patients in doing what they are hoping the pill can do? I’m personally apathetic in this area of study, but I feel strongly against the use of pills so regularly. Flashbulb memories are a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event. This is intriguing to me how this works, but it most certainly is true. I have talked with friends recently that I grew up with through grade school and we had one of those moments where I started a conversation off with, â€Å"Remember that one time we were out on the playground and a guy was walking around outside with a shotgun and we had to go inside on lockdown?† Of course they all remember that day and specific and minute things that happened during that time because of flashbulb memory. After reading the chapter on memory I have become more aware on how the mind remembers things. I always told myself growing up that studying things I â€Å"already knew† was completely pointless, but it turns out that you are still learning just by continuing to review. I am going to have toShow MoreRelatedPsychology: the Human Memory1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Human Memory Tracey Percifield American Intercontinental University Abstract Unit 4 IP The human mind is a fascinating instrument that is very complex and even though we know quite a lot about it we still do not know everything. The human memory has three phases of memory interpretation; Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory. Knowing how each of these memories store information is comparison to c computer. The average adult knows anywhere between 50,000 to 100, 00 wordsRead MoreMemory Is A Key Aspect Of Psychology1856 Words   |  8 PagesMemory is a key aspect of psychology and thus much research has been conducted into the way it works. Early research by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) has led to the proposition of models about the nature of memory. Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the two store model of memory, this included sensory stores, short term memory and long term memory. They also determined that storage and transferal of information to long term memory is encouraged and enabled by the processes of short term methodsRead MoreThe Curent U nderstanding of the Neurobiology of Memory Reconsolidation and Its Implications for Psychology1863 Words   |  7 Pagesneurobiology of memory reconsolidation and its implications for psychology. This paper will specifically focus on the molecular mechanisms of reconsolidation and research relating to fear memories and using propranolol and D-cycloserine as a treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Memory consolidation is the process by which memories are stabilised after being acquired. Consolidation studies have traditionally focused on the hippocampus and systems consolidation, where short term memories become longRead MoreCognitive Psychology False Memory Essay2269 Words   |  10 PagesRunning head: False Memory Theoretical and Applied/Practical Perspective of False Memory The human memory is subject to a multitude of errors, including source misattributions, distortion and creation of false memories. In order to do justice to this paper one must first determine what is â€Å"False memory†? False memory is memory for an event that did not occur or distorted memory of actual events (Gleaves, Smith, Butler, Spiegel, 2004). This type of memory has been an area ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Related Words On The Short Term Verbal Memory Of Psychology Students1467 Words   |  6 PagesThe effect of related words on the short term verbal memory of psychology students. The aim of the investigation is to research the use of semantically grouped words, to aid memory recall. This relates to studies such as the Method of Loci which believed since all the words are connected in an environment they are easier to remember as they are associated together. [1] The experimental hypothesis is that the number of words recalled will be increased by the words being related. Laboratory experimentRead MoreResearch Article Analysis: Cognitive Psychology and Memory925 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis: Cognitive Psychology and Memory Cognitive psychology studies the way people think an how memory plays a role in peoples everyday lives. Memory is important, in both the short-term and the long-term, because without it all actions would have to be innate. Since it has been well-researched that both innate and experiential are needed for people to develop successfully (Sutton, 2008), memory of experiences and the lessons learned are important for every type of functioning. Memory, in the caseRead MoreThe Science Of A Memory889 Words   |  4 Pages Memory is something that is essential to our daily lives. Creating and retrieving memories is something that happens without us knowing; subconscious remembrance of events allows us to remember our friend s name, a favorite baseball or football team, or what city we live in without needing to ask others or consult the internet. Even if we were to ask others a question about something, without memory we would forget the answer to the question we had asked immediately af ter they had told us, whichRead MoreThe Use Of Adaptive Pressure On Our Memory1485 Words   |  6 Pagesur memory still contain traces from our evolutionary past? To what extent do our operating abilities involving memory, still prescribe to our distant ancestral selection pressures? These questions have all been considered, however, the role of adaptive pressures on our memory, have just began to be studied further by memory researchers. Scholars have attempted to study how our current memory processing capabilities could have been tailored to achieve specific outcomes from our instinctual past. ThisRead MoreDetermining The Accuracy Of Testimony Of Eyewitnesses?1166 Words   |  5 Pagesimages, then the witness is recognizing or not recognizing a face instantly. This tactic is important because the witness can really recall the perpetrator immediately rather than starring at too many faces for too long, which can affect the witness’ memory. Researcher Walsh (2013) also sug gests that it is essential that the eyewitness administrator informs the witness that the suspect may not even be in the lineup. If the witness isn’t told this, then he/she assumes that the perpetrator is in the lineupRead MoreThe And Memory : Improving Memory Recall926 Words   |  4 PagesMnemonics and Memory: Improving Memory Recall Angela Sapir Arapahoe Community College: General Psychology 101-103 12/15/2015 â€Æ' Discovering Psychology describes memory as, â€Å"the mental processes that enable [a person] to retain and retrieve information over time.† When information is brought into the brain, it travels from the sensory memory to the short term memory. If this information is deemed important, it is then encoded and stored. In order to retrieve this information (i.e., memory) a person

Essay on Animal Research and Testing, Is it Ethical

vivisection Animal Research and Testing, Is it Ethical? â€Å"It is a simple fact that many, if not most, of today’s modern medical miracles would not exist if experimental animals had not been available to medical scientists. It is equally a fact that, should we as a society decide the use of animal subjects is ethically unacceptable and therefore must be stopped, medical progress will slow to a snail’s pace. Such retardation will in itself have a huge ethical ‘price tag’ in terms of continued human and animal suffering from problems such as diabetes, cancer, degenerative cardiovascular diseases, and so forth.† Dr. Simmonds, a veterinarian who specializes in the care of laboratory animals, is one of many who believe that animal†¦show more content†¦Educational experiments help train students in school. Majors like medicine, physiology, and general science all use dead animals in experiments. Drug and product testing use animals to determine the safety of new drugs and how toxic they really are. Without the presence of animals in research, what else would scientists use, a human being? â€Å"Animals are important in research precisely because they have complex body systems that react and interact with stimuli much as humans do† (AMA 61). This quote directly correlates with some of the common household pets, which are considered important resources for biomedical and behavioral research. One clear example of an invaluable household pet used in biomedical research are dogs. Dogs are used for many types of research mainly because they have the same relative size of organs when compared to humans. â€Å"The first successful kidney transplant was performed in a dog and techniques used to save the lives of ‘blue babies,’ and babies with structural defects in their hearts, were developed with dogs. Open heart surgical techniques, coronary bypass surgery and heart transplantation were all developed using dogs† (AMA 61). Other animals that are typically used in experiments are rats and mice. Doctors find these species very accommodating when they study different genetic experiments. The mice reproduce very quickly; thus the doctors can view the experiment of genes over severalShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Dilemma Of Animal Testing And Research1775 Words   |  8 Pages The Ethical Dilemma of Animal Testing and Research Israel Parra Perez English 101 – Section 10451 Professor Leonard Macias 7 May 2017 â€Æ' Outline Thesis: Animal testing and research should cease because animals are subjected to cruel inhumane procedures by researchers, viable alternatives exist for animals testing, and results obtained through animal testing are mostly flawed and unreliable. I. Introduction and Thesis II. Animal Testing and Research Practices Leaves Animals Vulnerable toRead MoreEthical Issue Of Animal Testing For Medical Research961 Words   |  4 Pageshe ethical issue of animal testing for medical testing is not new, for example the majority of the common vaccines were developed because medical research that utilized animal testing. Many philosophers have attempted to explain the rights of animals and some wrote on the lack of inherent rights. This issue is difficult because animals can’t speak for themselves but humans do have a place to play in the fight for animal rights. I will apply the principle of utility along with the moral theories ofRead MoreEthical And Scientific Considerations Regarding Animal Testing And Research759 Words   |  4 Pagesis Ethical and Scientific Considerations Regarding Animal Testing and Research. The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, which emphasized reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal use, principles, many scie ntists referred to the three R’s. These principles encouraged researchers to work to cut down the figure of animals utilized in experiments to the minimum considered necessary, refine or limit the pain and distress to which animals are exposed, and replace the use of animals withRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Ethical?1328 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing has been an important type of research in various science fields for many years, because it has been able to replicate the results of the research to positively affect humans. It has provided many cures to diseases and many basic products that are mass produced such as lotion, shampoo, sunscreen, etc. Adding on, animal testing is ethical since it follows many guidelines and restrictions made by numerous laws that protect animals from inhumane treatment. Although such testing can provideRead MoreEssay about We Need More Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation1416 Words   |  6 PagesWe Need More Animal Research , Testing, and Experimentation    A life can be taken or created in a matter of seconds and with that has come the miracles of modern medicine. People have come to expect science to save lives, prevent illness, relieve suffering and improve the quality of life. The means of curing, treating and preventing diseases are not achieved by magic or accident. Medical advances are gained through years of intensive research -- research in which laboratory animals have playedRead MoreEthics of Animal Testing754 Words   |  3 PagesEthics of Animal Testing For my paper I chose the topic of animal testing because I have always been very passionate for animals and against animal abuse. I have never believed in animal testing and that there were always other alternatives. I wanted to look further into and educate myself about what is being done about this and why it is an ethical issue. I have come up with an axiom to summarize this topic. Testing animals in research revolves around the relative or moral value of humans and animalsRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing1725 Words   |  7 PagesEach year, more than 100 million animals are experimented on in U.S. laboratories. These experiments are for things such as biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics testing.(Procon writers) Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. Animal testing is controversial and people findRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned From Our Society874 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Rights Demand Protection My thesis is that animal testing should be banned from our society altogether. Animal rights advocates argue that testing is a subject that has been argued countless amount of times in medical journals, and it has shown that it is a waste of animal lives. Subsequently, processing of a single drug requires more than 50 trials and use of as many as 12,000 animals. Moreover, regardless of the ethical issues that derive from animal testing, the infliction of physical/psychologicalRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Animal Testing1261 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst animal experimentation. The report begins with an introduction briefly outlining what animal experimentation refers to, introducing the three perspectives and highlighting the intention behind this investigation. The report then explores the positive and negative medical aspect of animal experimentation stating that it has resulted in vital vaccines benefitting both humans and animals, but also accepting it is not always reliable. The advantages and disadvantages of animal testing on consumerRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing Cosmetics1499 Words   |  6 Pagesalone function. A current topic in which we are at battle with today is the case of testing cosmetic products on animals. Although many cosmetic companies believe that animal testing cosmetics is morally sound, I believe that not to be true because animal testing cosmetics negatively impacts the moral integrity of individuals and society as a whole. Typically, if you ask a person if they believe in animal testing cosmetics, they will say no since the majority of society’s morals point in this direction

An Analysis of the Influence of Music and it’s Contrasting Message on the Youth of Today Free Essays

Music is a way of life, it is all around us. It can influence who you are and how you go about your daily lives. Music can manipulate the emotions in a powerful way, which can sometimes determine your mood and your conscience. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of the Influence of Music and it’s Contrasting Message on the Youth of Today or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes different cultures adapt different music into their lifestyle. Example, Reggae is usually listened to by the Black Caribbean Community. Their music is relaxed and optimistic, as is their lifestyle. The style of music quite often reflects the culture. Music in the 21st century can have positive and negative influences. Different types of music give off different impressions on how the youth of today should live their lives. An example of how diverse cultures can influence a music style can be found in artists such as Ms. Dynamite and 50 Cent. In this essay I will be contrasting the different messages both artists give out through what they say and how they present themselves in their videos. The image they convey is partly determined by their background. Both Ms. Dynamite and 50 Cents music were prompted by their own/previous lifestyles. They were both brought up in dominant cultures, but although it had strong influences on them the cultures themselves were very different. Ms. Dynamite aka Naomi Mclean-Dayley, was born in London in 1982, and lived on a council estate. The eldest of 11 brothers and sisters, she was raised by her primary school teacher mother whose passion for roots, reggae and soul had a profound effect on Naomi. This early part of Ms. Dynamite’s journey differs from 50 Cent. 50 Cent was born Curtis Jackson and raised in Queens, New York. He grew up with his grandmother after his mother died under mysterious circumstances when he was 8, and his father left shortly after. The influence placed upon 50 Cent from theses early-life tragedies left him with a sense of insecurity and lack of self-esteem, eventually luring him into the Gangster lifestyle. When he was 12 he was used as a runner and at just 15 he owned his own gun. This all left him with an immense amount of responsibility. This was a diverse contrast compared to Ms. Dynamite. She always had that support wherever she went and whatever she did, as she states, â€Å"My life generally, I’ve bin lucky to have a lot of Intelligent, loving people around me who will take out five minutes to teach me things about myself without preaching at me just showing me naturally. â€Å"Niomi passed up an opportunity to study social anthropology at Sussex University in order to concentrate on music. Her first single ‘booo! ‘ hurled Ms. Dynamite into the spotlight swiftly establishing her as one of the hottest young talents to emerge from the UK Garage scene. On the contrary 50 Cent was entrenched within the gangster industry, so it wouldn’t surprise anybody why he’d been shot 9 times. It was only after his first born baby he became a rap artist. Curtis’ first album wasn’t a success at all. It wasn’t until Eminem noticed him and took interest that 50 Cents career took off. After signing a deal with ‘Shady records’ he immediately went to work on his new album entitled ‘Get Rich or Die Tryin. ‘ 50 cent soared to popularity with the first single from his new album ‘In Da Club. Ms Dynamite and 50 Cent both introduce past experiences and elements of their cultures into their songs. The songs that most strongly illustrate these elements are Ms Dynamites ‘It takes more’ and 50 cents ‘P. I. M. P’. The titles set the foundation of the songs, and have to be well thought out to interest and catch the attention of the audience. The song ‘It takes moreâ⠂¬â„¢ generally promotes an opposing view of the gangster lifestyle, unlike 50 Cent, who promotes it in ‘P. I. M. P’. Even though both songs have similar themes the artists themselves express the message in very much different ways. The first twenty to thirty seconds of a video can determine what the remainder is about, and how it impacts the audience. In ‘It takes more’Ms Dynamite starts her video with a strong contrast. As she steps out of the trailer there is a background of a divine scenic beach, but as she carries on walking reality begins to kick in and the beach is replaced with strippers and run down sets. Ms Dynamite is wearing casual clothing portray the message of not flaunting yourself. This makes a statement that you don’t need to be made up to feel good or be happy with yourself. That is a good approach in to setting the scene and following the message through. 50 Cent however, starts ‘P. I. M. P’by arriving straight into the master bedroom surrounded by girls in underwear. The room is large and white symbolising wealth and a type of heaven on the outside, relating to the phrase ‘don’t judge a book by its cover. ‘ Compared to Ms Dynamite’s video, 50 Cent gives the audience a false impression because Ms Dynamite expresses the true reality of the gangster lifestyle through her opening scenes The core of both videos is where the biggest influences are established. In ‘it takes more’ the image moves from inside the car to a newspaper picture which transforms to a colour image of a man with two women in a club. The camera zooms in on a tattoo on one of the women. It changes from saying ‘Sadie’ to ‘aids. ‘ The message put across in that scene is meant to enlighten you to have self-respect and not get caught up in the gangster lifestyle. A complete opposite message is put across in ‘P. I. M. P. ‘ A later scene in the video shows a man holding several dog leads with women on the ends as though he owns them. This implies his control, and lack of respect shown for women. A quote the lyrics that backs up this point is, ‘ I could care less how she performs in bed,’ meaning as long as she’s good in bed and making money for me, that’s all I care about. The message conveyed in that incident is that women are treated no better than dogs in the organised crime business. Comparing the videos the colours illustrated are very different. In Ms. Dynamite’s video there are very dull and dry colours, (such as black and grey) giving the effect of gangster life in reality. The contribution of the colour red symbolises death in that joining the lifestyle can mean you are gambling with your life. 50 Cent in P. I. M. P however, uses totally opposite colours like bright whites. This gives an impression of a heaven like environment. White can also signify his involvement in drugs, because the majority of drug colour is white. The camera angles used in both videos accentuate the ways each person wants to be perceived. Ms. Dynamite focuses the camera level with her face to portray the message of equality. In opposition to this 50 Cent uses camera angles from his feet looking upwards. This gives the message that he’s bigger than everyone else, God like and worthy of adoration. The way both artists present themselves in their videos gives us an insight into the kind of message they are trying to communicate. The messages and implications of the artist’s videos and lyrics are influenced by their similar early life experiences. Whereas Ms. Dynamite presents the reality of the lifestyle, 50 Cent exaggerates and embellishes it into something quite out of the ordinary. The impact both artists have on the audience differs. Ms. Dynamite promotes a social conscience and 50 Cent promotes his underground street culture, by romanticising the gangster image. He relies on people’s fascination with violence and the criminal element. In conclusion my essay shows how easily influenced the youth of today can be, through the medium of music. The messages are quite often designed to be relevant to them whether their content is good or bad. I understand that music is important and we all need it as part of our lives, but we need to realise there are many other ways to be motivated and challenged concerning life issues. How to cite An Analysis of the Influence of Music and it’s Contrasting Message on the Youth of Today, Papers

Joseph Accused By Potiphars Wife Essay Example For Students

Joseph Accused By Potiphars Wife Essay The story of Joseph and Potiphars wife is told in the firstbook of the Bible, Genesis, chapter 39. Joseph was sold intoslavery by his brothers and bought by Potiphar, a high rankingofficial in the Pharaohs service. The Lord was with Joseph,and gave him success in everything he did. This pleased Potipharand before long Joseph was given the highest position in thehousehold, and left in charge when Potiphar was away. NowPotiphars wife found Joseph to be very good looking and hadapproached him several times saying come to bed with me; andJoseph being a man of God would not sin against his master or theLord, so he refused her. One day when all the servants weregone, Joseph entered the house and Potiphars wife approached himand while holding on to his cloak said come to bed with me. Joseph refused and left the house leaving his cloak behind. Potiphar Wife screamed for help saying that Joseph had attackedand tried to sleep with her. When her husband came home she toldhim the same false stor y. Potiphar was so angry at Joseph he hadhim locked up in Pharaohs prison. But while Joseph was in theprison, the Lord was with him. This is the subject matter forwhich Rembrandt choose to do his representational painting by. The content of the painting all reveals Rembrandtsinterpretation of the storyThis is the account from the Bible of the accusation of Joseph by Potiphars Wife. Rembrandt Van Ryn chose thisparticular story as the subject of his narrative paintingcompleted in 1655, under the title of Joseph Accused ByPotiphars Wife. Before researching this painting, I noted myfist perception of Rembrandt work of art. I realized throughthat as a result of my later research, my first perception didnot change, but instead were enriched and enlarged by a newfoundunderstanding of the man and his art. I largely concentrated onmy first and later perceptions in the design elements andprinciples of lighting or value, infinite space, color, and focalpoint. After conducting research, my first perceptions about thevalue, or relative degree of lightness or darkness, in thepainting did not change, but instead I learned that Rembrandtsuse of light and dark was both purposeful and a technique well-known to the artists of his time. When I first observed thispainting, I thought how dark everything seemed. The onlyexceptions to the darkness are the bed and Potiphars wife, bothof which are flooded in light almost as if a spotlight werethrown on her and the bed. Some light shines on Josephs faceand from behind him like a halo around his body, but this lightis very dim. Potiphar in great contrast to his wife is almost incomplete darkness. I first felt there should be more light fromperhaps candles to cast the entire room in partial light. Butafter research I found that Rembrandt liked strong contrasts oflight and dark and used them in his paintings all his life,letting darkness hide unnecessary details while using light tobring figures and objects out from the shadows. The highcontrast of light against dark changed an ordinary scene into adramatic one the Italian word for this use of light and darkis chiaroscuro (Muhlberger 9). Rembrandt must have believedthat too much detail in the room would have obscured the primaryplayers of this scene. He uses light to brightly illuminate themost important person in this painting, Potiphars wife. Indescending order of importance, Rembrandt places a glow aroundJoseph and casts Potiphar in a almost total darkness. I now amable to see how the contrast of light and dark demonstratesdrastically this crucial turning point in Josephs life. Thefact that an Italian word exists for Rembrandts lightingtechnique only proves the techniques establishment in the artworld he lived and worked in. .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .postImageUrl , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:hover , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:visited , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:active { border:0!important; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:active , .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608 .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udd01bca75a4a98487c08af7f56c23608:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Diseses EssayAs a result of research, my fist perceptions about thepresence of infinite space in the painting did not change, butinstead I gained an understanding of why Rembrandt employed thisparticular technique in his painting. I first noticed beforeconducting any research on Rembrandt or this painting how thewalls appear to go on indefinitely; there are no boundaries tothe room. In addition the artist chose not to add and details tothe walls or floor. I believe that the design element ofinfinite space, endless space as found in nature, best describesthis technique. Upon conducting my research I found that,according to Richard Muhlberger, Rembrandt learned to lavishatte ntion on small parts of a painting, leaving the rest withoutmuch detail. He knew that details look more impressivesurrounded by areas that are plain; they are harder to noticewhen they cover the entire surface of a painting (16). Obviously in this painting of Joseph Accused by Potiphars Wife,Rembrandts purpose in using the design element of infinite spaceis to attract the audience to the characters in this story andnot so much their surroundings, with the exception, perhaps, ofthe bed. Therefore, my perception of this design element wasonly enlarged by the knowledge of Rembrandts motivation inincluding infinite space in his composition. My first perceptions about the colors in the painting didnot change, but instead I gained an understanding of how thecolors Rembrandt used contributed to the charactersportrayal/depiction. Color, the character of a surface resultingfrom the response of vision to the wavelength of light reflectedfrom that surface, influences people in various ways. One of thegreatest color affects people is through their emotions. When Ifirst studied the painting of Joseph being Accused by Potipharswife, the dreary, somber colors left me feeling depressed. Ivenever really enjoyed Rembrandts painting because of his frequentuse of low intensity colors like muddy browns. But then, afterreading the passage in the first book of the Bible, Genesis,where the story in the painting is recounted, I began tounderstand Rembrandts reasoning behind his choice of colors (atleast) for this particular painting). Joseph is being accused byhis masters wife, the master he has served with all of hisability, of a crime he has not committed, not even in his mind,despite the many opportunities the woman has given him. ForRembrandt to successfully depict Josephs situation, he had to know the stories he painted and all the characters in them(Schwartz 15). Instead of focusing on the luxurious setting ofan Egyptian officials bedroom, Rembrandt chose to underscore theseriousness of Josephs situation through color. After researching Rembrandts painting, my first perceptionsof the focal point of this composition did not change, but I feltI understand better how he created the focal point. Beforeresearching Rembrandts work, I felt drawn to the woman in thispainting for the mere fact that she is easiest to see and in themiddle of the picture. The design principle, focal point, thepoint of emphasis that attracts attention and encourages theviewer to look further best explains how I was pulled in byPotiphars wife. Through my research I discovered Rembrandt, inorder to heighten the importance of Potiphars wifes action, herfingers pointing to the robe, placed her fingertips in the middleof the canvas (Munz 10). Another important placement involvesthe bed. After a careful look at the picture, I found the bedalso is located in the middle of the painting, and covers overhalf of the canvas. The bed also then another focal point sinceit dominates the composition while other areas are subordinate toit. Remb randts focal points work because of the strong contrastbetween light and dark and because of placement of the charactersin this story. Thus, through research I learned how Rembrandtachieves his focal points which my first perception initiallydiscovered. .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .postImageUrl , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:hover , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:visited , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:active { border:0!important; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:active , .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6 .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u308595dd2bb4e11020a0e6b39a6b0cd6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Economics (Law of Diminishing Returns) EssayNow without knowing the story of Joseph and Potiphars wifeone could piece together the events taking place by the contentin the painting. There is a large room partly lit. In thecenter is a bed with snow white sheets fitted perfectly, as if amaid had just finished dressing it. To the side of the bed,seated in an equally large chair, is a most troubled-lookingwoman. She is adorned with a lavish, bright-colored gown, andwears decorative jewelry, with her hair luxuriously woven. Shepoints with her right hand an accusing finger at a dark marooncloak draped on one of the bed posts. Her other hand nurses atorn lapel of an under garment , suggesting she has been in somemanner violated. She looks, with a creased forehead, at a tall,dark figure to the her left, whom for the lack of lighting shimmers in an elegant uniform, his head donning a turban. Heleans on the back of her chair, his hand closed, but his armpointing in the same direction as the cloak. His other arm is onhis hip directly above a sheathed sword. His overall stature andfacial expression appears quizzical, as he ponders over theserious situation. The situation of course concerns theaccusation his wife makes of the owner of the cloak. The lonelyfigure in the corner dressed in the drab olive green tunic standssilently listening to the woman, obviously the accused owner ofthis cloak. His maroon red sash with the keys reveals hisimportance to the household. Rembrandt clearly brought thisscene to life convincingly(Schwartz 15). For him to haveaccomplished this feat, he had to give each figure anappropriate expression, pose, and costume(Schwartz 15). Allthis Rembrandt has done, leaving us with a tragic moment inbiblical history captured beautifully in this awesome painting ofJoseph accused by Potiphars wife. Work CitedBarker, Kenneth. The Holy Bible, New International Version. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House,1995. Muhlberger, Richard. What Makes A Rembrandt A Rembrandt? NewYork: Viking, 1993. Munz, Ludwig. Rembrandt. New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc, 1984Schwartz, Gary. First Impressiaons:Rembrandt. New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc, 1992. Category: History

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Thesis Example For Students

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Thesis Janies entire life is one of a journey. She lives through a grandmother, three husbands, and innumerable friends. Throughout is all, she grows closer and closer to her ideals about love and how to live ones life. Zora Neale Hurston chooses to define Janie not by what is wrong in her life, but by what is good in it. Janie changes a lot from the beginning to the end of Their Eyes Were Watching God, but the imagery in her life always conjures positive ideas in the mind of the reader. Janies life begins under the watchful eye of her grandmother. Her grandmother has given up her own happiness to raise Janie and her mother. We will write a custom essay on Their Eyes Were Watching God Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Right away, it is obvious that Janies life is going to be different than her grandmothers. For starters, Janie has very different ideas about love than any other character. She may not be able to clearly define her thoughts, but the reader still sees that Janies ideas are romantic and full of sensuality. The first glimpse into the past that the reader sees involves Janie underneath a pear tree, watching the flowers bloom. The descriptive language (From barren brown stems to glistening leaf-buds; from the leaf-buds to snowy virginity of bloom 10) beautifully juxtaposed with complex thought (The rose of the world was breathing out smell. It . . . followed her. . . and caressed her . . . 10) lets the reader experience the same feelings that Janie does, even though she is not yet old enough to fully describe them herself. Janies grandmother is old and weak. She never had a person in her life who cared for her and truly wanted to look out for her well-being. As a result, she is frightened by Janies refusal to follow the mold, her refusal to marry for convenience instead of love. Janies grandmother describes herself as a cracked plate 19, showing that not even she has confidence in her own ability to be strong and weather adversity. Janie learns a very important lesson from her grandmother. Not a lesson to emulate, but one to avoid. She does not want to be a cracked plate, she is tall and blossoming and can see what she wants in her life. She does not get what she wants with Logan Killicks, her first husband. Janie married Logan because her grandmother wanted her to. Her grandmother could not understand why she did not love him, as he had sixty acres of land. Janie did not love him, and describes him as . . . some ole skullhead in de grave yard 13 and his house as a lonesome place like a stump in the middle of the woods . . . absent of flavor 20. Janies eyes are still full of pollen dust, and she cannot get her perfect vision of love out of her mind. Logan makes her do menial chores around the house, and treats her like a beast of burden. She prays for the day when she will be delivered from the life of tedium that she lives. She thinks that her prayers are answered when she first sees Joe Starks. In fact, she first sees him through a veil of her hair, and it is her long, luxurious hair that he is first attracted to. She thinks that he is a bee for her blossom 31. The initial description of him, . . . a cityfied, stylish dressed man with his hat set at an angle that didnt belong in those parts 26 immediately sets a firm image in the readers mind, so no one is surprised when Janie leaves ole skullhead and decides to marry Joe instead. She thinks that he represents the romantic ideal that she has been searching for. Soon, however, Janie sees that while Joe loves her beauty, he does not even see anything else that she has to offer. .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .postImageUrl , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:hover , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:visited , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:active { border:0!important; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:active , .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5 .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u13da94bf9cd2cab140f70e19a0a0ace5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Inspector Calls Essay Summary When people ask her to make a speech, he cuts her off, taking the bloom off things 41. He views her as an ornament, nothing else, and he makes her bind her hair so that other men wont look at it. She never realized just how tied down she was by him until he dies. As soon as he takes his last breath, she . . . let down her plentiful hair. The weight, the length, the glory was there 83. With the releasing of her hair, Janie lets her soul out from behind the iron smile she has kept on her face to keep Joe happy. At this point in her life, Janie has decided that she no longer needs to please another person. She is still looking for her perfect pear-blossom world, however. She finds it in one of the most unlikely places. Tea Cake is younger than she, poorer than she, and can offer her nothing but love. Fortunately, all Janie needs is love. He doesnt want to use her as a mule, or as an ornament, or as anything but a person to love. This is not to say that their life together is completely without its share of fights and arguments, but they are both willing to sacrifice everything for each other. Janie is thankful fuh anything they came through together 158, and Tea Cake calls Janie mah wife and mah woman and everything else in de world Ah needs 119. When shes with Tea Cake, Janie allows her soul to crawl out from its hiding place 112, which is all she wants. Tea Cakes death reveals as much about his relationship with Janie as his life did. When he dies, Janie mourns in her overalls, because she was too busy feeling grief to dress like grief 180. Janie allows her friend to share her story, because she feels that she cannot tell it again. She doesnt need to. Janie has lived her life and survived her journey. Zora Neale Hurston closes off Their Eyes Were Watching God with one final, poignant image; Janie calling in her soul to come and see 184 the splendor of her life.

Writing a Sample Essay

Writing a Sample EssayWhen it comes to writing a sample essay, it is very important that you have an interesting topic. If you do not like your subject matter, then it is likely that the rest of your work will be of little interest. It is also very important that you take a few minutes and think about your essay topic before you begin the task.It is sometimes difficult to write a good topic because the topic is often the one that will determine the success or failure of your writing. By selecting a topic for your essay, you are more likely to come up with a topic that will give you a reason to look at your essay and reflect on it. However, it is also important that you will not allow the topic to control your choice. In other words, you want to make sure that your topic does not require too much time and effort to accomplish.In order to determine what the best topic for your essay may be, consider three main factors. First, you must make sure that the topic relates to your ability. I f you have a weakness in writing and reading, then you will find it difficult to write a topic that will challenge you. The topic may need to be new to you and is not something that you are used to.Second, you must try to figure out what the topic of your essay will be. You may wish to write a college essay for example. In this case, you can choose a topic that will help you relate to someone who has already written a college paper. If you are unsure how to approach the topic, then you should talk to a college counselor.Third, you must think about how you will use the topic. For example, do you want to write a research paper? A book review? You will likely want to write a separate thesis about the topic you chose.It is also important that you have a sample essay document before you begin writing a sample essay. It is important that you write down the topic you are interested in. Do not write down something that you have never heard of before. In other words, do not make up a topic j ust because you are interested in writing a topic about it.There are several different ways that you can get a sample essay. Some schools offer a number of different samples that you can choose from. Another option is to look online for samples that are related to your topic.